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What are the application fields of air-supported dams?

Mrs. Wendy June 25, 2025
The air - supported dam is a new - type water - retaining structure with the advantages of simplicity, reliability, and flexibility. It has a wide range of applications in various fields such as water resource utilization, flood control and drought resistance, and ecological protection. The specific application fields are as follows3:


  • Power Generation: Air - supported dams can maintain a high water level upstream, increasing the power - generation capacity of hydropower stations. They can create a higher water head and accurately control the upstream water level. During the flood season, they can safely discharge floodwaters, and after the flood season, they can raise the gate to retain water. In winter, they can form a stable ice cover upstream to prevent ice from blocking the water - intake of the power station.

  • Water Storage and Urban Landscape:

    • Coordinating the relationship between spillway capacity and reservoir water level: Air - supported dams can effectively coordinate the relationship between the spillway capacity of the spillway and the reservoir water - storage level, increasing the water - storage capacity of existing reservoirs. This helps to reduce the policy - related and financial difficulties (such as the inundation problem) brought about by increasing the water - storage capacity.

    • Solving the problem of insufficient spillway capacity: When the discharge capacity of the existing spillway is insufficient, the air - supported dam can be used to increase the weir - crest elevation without affecting the reservoir water - storage level and power - generation benefits.

    • Creating urban landscapes: In urban landscapes, air - supported dams can be installed with landscape lights to create a beautiful night - view. The overflowing water on the dam crest forms a waterfall, which is very aesthetically pleasing.

  • Navigation:

    • Ideal for ship - lock gates: Air - supported dams are an ideal form of upstream and downstream gates for ship locks, which can accurately control the water levels of the upstream and downstream.

    • Ensuring smooth passage for ships: When the dam collapses, the steel plates cover the rubber air bags, ensuring the smooth passage of ships.

    • Reducing construction and maintenance costs: Air - supported dams can simplify the complex gate - opening and - closing system, with flexible and convenient operation, reducing the construction and maintenance costs of ship locks.

  • Irrigation: Air - supported dams can accurately control the water level and diversion flow of irrigation channels. When the channel flow changes, they can automatically control the water level in front of the water - diversion structure to ensure the uniformity of water diversion.

  • Water Diversion and Flood Diversion:

    • River flood diversion: Air - supported dams can be applied to the flood - diversion work of rivers to automatically adjust the river flow.

    • Controlling upstream water level during floods: During the flood season, they can automatically control the upstream water level to keep it low and use the flood to carry away the sediment deposited upstream.

  • Cold - Region Applications: Air - supported dams have been successfully applied in cold regions. Because the steel panels are supported on independent rubber air bags, they can allow ice floes and floating objects to pass through.

  • Fishways and Environmental Protection:

    • Forming fishways: A series of air - supported dams can be used to form step - like fishways, controlling the flow and velocity to enable fish to pass through the dam smoothly.

    • Protecting the ecological environment: Controlling the upstream water level can prevent the sudden inundation of water - bird nests in the reservoir area, and the stable water level can improve the natural landscape of the reservoir area.

  • Road and Garage Protection: The gate system of air - supported dams can be set at the entrances of garages and subways to prevent rainstorm floods from entering. It can also be arranged at the gaps in flood - control dikes and closed immediately when floods come.

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